The Seven Noahide Laws are seven fundamental commandments that God gave to all humanity — not only to the people of Israel.
They form the basic moral and legal code for all mankind.

The commandments are:

Prohibition of idolatry – Worship only the one true Creator.

Prohibition of blasphemy – Do not curse or desecrate God’s Name.

Prohibition of murder – Do not take a life; value the sanctity of human life.

Prohibition of sexual immorality – Avoid forbidden relationships (such as adultery or incest).

Prohibition of theft – Do not steal or take what is not yours.

Prohibition of eating flesh from a living animal – Do not eat meat taken from a living creature.

Establishment of courts of justice – Create a fair legal system to uphold justice and enforce these laws.

The source of these commandments is found in the Talmud (Tractate Sanhedrin 56a), derived from God’s command to Noah and his descendants after the Flood.

The Seven Noahide Laws apply to every person in the world — both Jews and non-Jews.
While the people of Israel received 613 commandments at Mount Sinai, the rest of humanity is obligated only by these seven.
Maimonides (Mishneh Torah, Laws of Kings, ch. 8) writes that anyone who observes these commandments because God commanded them through the Torah and Moses is considered one of the Righteous among the Nations and merits a share in the World to Come.
If one keeps them merely out of moral reasoning or natural logic, they are considered wise — but not among the Righteous of the Nations.

A Noahide who fulfills the Seven Laws remains faithful to divine truth and is regarded as one of the Righteous among the Nations.
The Sages teach (Sanhedrin 105a) that such a person has a share in the World to Come, for they fulfill their human purpose — to recognize the Creator and act justly.
This leads to a moral and just humanity, forming the foundation of Tikkun Olam (world repair), as the prophet Isaiah declared:

“For My house shall be called a house of prayer for all nations.” (Isaiah 56:7)

Yes. A Noahide may voluntarily observe additional mitzvot, such as charity, prayer, or honoring parents.
However, they are not commanded to do so as Jews are.
If performed for the sake of Heaven, these deeds are meritorious, though not equal in obligation to those commanded to Israel.
Certain mitzvot, however — such as observing the Sabbath, wearing tefillin, or affixing a mezuzah — are uniquely for Jews and should not be practiced by Noahides as religious obligations.

All seven are important, but three are viewed as particularly fundamental:

Idolatry – the denial of belief in the one God.

Murder – the destruction of the divine image in humanity.

Sexual immorality – the corruption of family and social sanctity.

These are called the “three grave sins” and form the pillars of moral order. Violating them is considered a very serious transgression even for Noahides.

The commandment of Justice obligates humanity to establish fair and honest legal systems that maintain social order and punish violations of the other six laws.
Every nation must set up courts, judges, and laws based on integrity, fairness, and respect for human rights.
They need not use the Torah’s specific laws, but their systems must align with the ethical and moral values of the Seven Laws.

This law forbids eating any part of an animal while it is still alive.
It teaches compassion toward all living creatures and respect for the sanctity of life.
It was given to Noah after the Flood (Genesis 9:4):

“But flesh with its life, which is its blood, you shall not eat.”
This was the first explicit commandment given to all humanity after creation — a symbol of morality and humanity.

No. The Sabbath and Jewish holidays are unique commandments for the people of Israel, signifying the covenant between God and Israel.
A Noahide who keeps the Sabbath as a religious obligation is considered to be creating a new, unauthorized religion (see Sanhedrin 58b).
However, resting on that day for natural or moral reasons is permissible.

The Seven Noahide Laws form the foundation of universal morality and justice.
They are not narrow religious rules but timeless principles for ethical living — belief in one God, respect for life, family, property, and society.
The Sages view them as the basis for a righteous world where all nations unite in serving God, fulfilling the vision:

“For My house shall be called a house of prayer for all nations.” (Isaiah 56:7)